Nor gate using nand gate pdf file

Logic gate actually the term logic is applied to digital circuits used to implement logic functions. And every gate does its own different logic function. How a logic circuit implemented with aoi logic gates can be reimplemented using only nand gates. To make it easy, just copy and change the schematic file used for the nand gate, to avoid tediuos work. In many instances it is possible to generate a given logic function using a smaller number of either nand or nor gates than is possible with and, or, and not. Jul 08, 2015 the equivalent circuit of nand gate using diodes and transistors is shown below. Or gate the or gate is a digital logic gate that implements logical disjunctionit behaves according to the truth table. By using logical sets in this way, the various laws and theorems of boolean algebra can be implemented with a complete set of logic gates. This page was last edited on 10 september 2017, at 10. Twolevel digital circuit implementations using other gates. Logic gates are the fundamental block of any digital circuit. Get details of study nand and nor gate as universal gate. The diagrams below show two ways that the nand logic gate can be configured to produce a not gate. Today, contrary to popular belief, integrated circuits are not constructed exclusively from a single type of gate.

It is simply a not gate connected ahead of an or gate. Half adder and full adder circuits using nand gates. A cd4011b was used as an example of a nand gate ic. Draw layout of a nand gate using cell library, then run a design rule check drc. Here you will get the articles of mechanical engineering in brief with some key points and you will get to know an enormous amount of knowledge from it. As we know that nand and nor are called universal gates as any logic system can be implemented using these two, the half adder circuit can also be implemented using them.

Most logic gates have two inputs and one output and are based on boolean algebra. October 11, 2004 please provide us the logic circuit for implementing xor gate using nand and nor gate. Twolevel digital circuit implementations using universal gates only. So with the help of these basic logic gates, we can get any logical functions or any boolean or else any logical expression. Nand gate the nand gate negated and gives an output of 0 if both inputs are 1, it gives 1 otherwise. In this physics video lecture in hindi for class 12 we explained the working of various logic gates like or, and, not, nor, nand, xor and xnor gate and also drawn their truth tables. How to design a full adder using only nor gates quora. This is an nor gate implemented using transistortransistor logic. It produces a 0 output when any or all of the inputs are 1. A simple 2input logic nand gate can be constructed using rtl resistortransistor switches connected together as shown below with the inputs connected directly to the transistor bases. In this instructable, we are going to construct not, and, or gates using nand gates only.

This page on and vs nand vs or vs nor gates mentions truth table and logic symbols of and,nand,or and nor gate. The outputs of all nand gates are high if any of the inputs are low. Click on the inputs on the bottom to toggle their state. For example, the, apollo guidance computer, was built exclusively from nor gates, about 5,600 in total for the later versions. Logic nand gate tutorial with nand gate truth table. Pdf on transformation of a logical circuit to a circuit with nand. Constructing logic gates from only and, or and not gates. And thus, it can be aptly termed as universal gate. That using a single gate type, in this case nand, will reduce the number of integrated circuits ic.

This page shows how to make this circuit, and the implementation is on a breadboard using discrete components. Like nand gates, nor gates are socalled universal gates that can be combined to form any other kind of logic gate. This gate can have minimum two inputs, output is always one. See supplementary power point file for animated cmos process flow. Realization of logic gates using mccullochpitts neuron model. The nand gate is a digital logic gate that behaves according to the truth table to the right. That using a single gate type, in this case nand, will reduce the number of integrated circuits ic required to implement a logic circuit. So if any one or both inputs are high,the output of nor gate will be low. We know that a half adder circuit has one ex or gate and one and gate. Gate universality logic gates electronics textbook. Nand 2 3 4 n nor 2 3 4 n tristate mux 2 4 6 8 2n xor, xnor 4 6 8. I mean intuitively, to me, i should get this one if i do it step by step followed by the definition xor a and. The most commonly occurring ones are nand, nor, xor, xnor and the equivalence function. The diodes could be any generalpurpose 1n4148 type.

Logic not gate digital inverter logic gate electrical. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It can also be done using nor logic gates in the same way. The nor negated or logic circuit is formed by three subcomponents. The above diagram is of a not gate made by using a nor gate. In the next steps, we will get into boolean algebra and we will derive the nandbased configurations for the desired gates. This is a diodetransistor logic dtl nor gate circuit using a generalpurpose bipolar junction transistor bc547, and generalpurpose diodes 1n4148.

Implement nand gate using nor gates only logic gates. So when the button is pressed the corresponding pin of gate input goes high. Several kinds of digital logic circuits are the basic elements that. In ttl ics using multipleemitter transistors, it also requires fewer transistors than a nor gate. Five nand gates are required in order to design a half adder. Universal gate nand i will demonstrate the basic function of the nand gate. View lab report lab 7 from cpe 301 at university of nevada, reno. The jed file is for configuring the home made cpld board. Universal gate nand and nor gate as universal gates.

Sep 07, 2015 there are mainly three types of logic gate named and, or and not gate. A low output results only if both the inputs to the gate are high. Using ltspice and irsim, here are the simulations of the logical operation of the gate for all 4 possible input. Nand and nor logic gates are the two pillars of logic, in that all other types of boolean logic gates i. At any given moment, every terminal is in one of the two binary conditions false high or true low. To achieve this, first the logic function has to be written in product of sum pos form. So in this post, you will learn how to make a nor gate using diodes and transistor on breadboard.

A basic circuit using any generalpurpose bipolar transistor such as the bc549, bc548, or bc547, could be used to construct the gate. Universal logic gates and complete sets basic electronics tutorials. A nor gate is a logic gate which gives a positive output only when both inputs are negative like nand gates, nor gates are socalled universal gates that can be combined to form any other kind of logic gate. Therefore, an and gate is made by inverting the inputs to a nor gate. And vs nand vs or vs nor gates and,nand,or,nor gate.

Lab 7 sheila ignacio lab 7 universal gates design two. How to draw a nand gate using only nor gates quora. The nand gate is a universal gate in the sense that any boolean function can be implemented by nand gates. Once it is converted to pos, then its very easy to implement using nor gate. How to implement not, and, and or gate using nand gates only. Dec 09, 2014 this is an pennotebook tutorial of not gate using nand gate. A nor gate represents an or gate followed by an inverter. That using a single gate type, in this case nand, will reduce. In practice, this is advantageous since nand and nor gates are economical and easier to fabricate and are the basic gates used in all ic digital logic families. If you are designing a printed circuit board pcb using simple logic devices, like dualinline dil packaged integrated circuits ics containing six not gates or four 2input and, or, nand, or nor gates, it may be that you end up short of something like an and gate, but you happen to have a nand and a not gate going spare or perhaps an or. Therefore, if the inputs are inverted, any high input will trigger a high output. Step by step procedure to implement nand gate by using only nor gates. The nand gate has the property of functional completeness, which it shares with the nor gate. We have seen how nand gate can be used to make all the three basic gates by using that alone.

This is because any other logic gate on the planet can be made from the right combination of nand gates. By using only nand gates, we can realize all logic functions. Am i right in saying that nand is simply an and gate with a not gate after it. The above diagram is of an and gate made from nand gate. In other words any logic circuit with or gates in first level and and gates in second level can be converted into a nor nor. Below are the programs to implement nand gate using various methods. Nand and nor is derived from and and or respectively. These gates are the and, or, not, nand, nor, exor and exnor gates. Transformation of nand gate into other basic gates. For example, it is possible to build a circuit exhibiting the or function using three interconnected nand gates. We collected most searched pages list related with study nand and nor gate as universal gate and more about it. The basic operations are described below with the aid of truth tables. Nand nor typically, logic diagrams are black and white, and. I am doing some revision for my exams and one of the questions that frequently occurs is to construct logic gates using only the functions and, or and not.

When the inputs of both diodes of nand gate are connected to a high voltage level i. Apr 20, 2018 i am sure you must be familiar with a nor gate, its truth table, logic symbol, and its working. The importance of nand nand gates are considered to be the universal gate, because any other gate can be synthesized eve engels, 2006 slide 22 of 20 using nand. That is, given enough gates, either type of gate is able to mimic the operation of any other gate type. Are you looking for study nand and nor gate as universal gate. A reconfigurable nandnor genetic logic gate bmc systems. In the logic diagram add bubbles small circles in front input side of and ga. Either transistor must be cutoff off for an output at q. Pdf performance analysis of nand and nor logic using 14nm.

So its output is complement of the output of an and gate. Implementing logic functions using only nand or nor gates. The below table shows the four commonly used methods for expressing the nand operation. The nand gate represents the complement of the and. Digital circuitsnor logic wikibooks, open books for an. This video shows the nand gate and then the nor gate implemented on the home made cpld board. So with the help of these basic logic gates, we can get any logical functions or any boolean or else any logical. An entire processor can be created using nand gates alone.

Any logic function can be implemented using nor gates. The inputs to the nand gate is applied through the diodes and these diodes are connected to bjt. Jan 04, 2020 the above diagram is of an and gate made from nand gate. The old techinterview forum xor gate using nand gates. Connect a not using nand at the output of the nand to invert it and get and logic. As the nor logic function is an inverted or, the output of the inverter i 2 could be taken as the output, along the lines of a classical genetic nor. We carried out performance analysis of nand and nor logic gates at 14nm technology node, to find out the propagation delay and the average power dissipation as shown by the considered gates. It is referred to as the universal logic gate chip. Nand and nor gate using cmos technology by sidhartha august 4, 2015 12 comments for the design of any circuit with the cmos technology. To be an or gate, however, the output must be 1 if any input is 1.

Various representations of a nand gate various representations of a nor gate. Nand gate is actually a combination of two logic gates. And then the inputs are connected to power through a button. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Schematic and layout of a nand gate in lab 1, our objective is to. So today we will study the complete details on logic gatesnot, or, and, nor, nand, xor, xnor gate, pdf. Lab6 designing nand, nor, and xor gates for use to. If one or both inputs are low, a high output results. Draw a schematic of a simple nand gate and simulate it. So, from the above discussion, it is clear that all the three basic gates and, or, not can be made by only using nor gate. But do you know, you can build your own nor gate on breadboard.

When the ldr is in the light the other input is low. Realization of logic gates using mccullochpitts neuron model j. How a nand gate can be used to replace an and gate, an or gate, or an inverter gate. Logic gates and, or, not, nor, nand, xor, xnor gates. See supplementary power point file for animated cmos process flow should be viewed as a slide show, not designed for printing. It therefore also acts as a negative bubbled and gate. Universal gates design two input nand using nor gates truth table. Basic logic gates using nand gate not, or, and gates. Setup in the scf file the input signals as shown below and draw the output f as obtained from simulation. So we can see that all the three basic gates can be made by only using nand gates, thats why this gate is called universal gate, and it is appropriate. In case of nand gate, 3 pmos will be connected in parallel and 3 nmos will be connected in series, and other way around in case of 3 input nor gate. Connect two not using nands at the inputs of a nand to get or logic. This means that if either of these things happen, i.

Org we have need of only one input terminal so both the input terminal of the nand gate is been shorted by us which you can. Draw layout of a nand gate using cell library, then run a design rule check drc, extract. Get familiar with the cadence virtuoso environment. To study and verify the truth tables of and, or, not, nand, nor. This is because any other logic gate can be made from the right combination of nand gates. Logic gates not, or, and, nor, nand, xor, xnor gate, pdf. May 24, 2014 logic gates and, or, not, nor, nand, xor, xnor gates. What is logic gate and, or, xor, not, nand, nor and xnor. So we can see that all the three basic gates can be made by only using nand gates, thats why this gate is called universal gate and it is appropriate. Or gate the or gate is a digital logic gate that implements.

We need parallel or series connections of nmos and pmos with a nmos source tied directly or indirectly to ground and a pmos source tied directly or indirectly to v dd. The circuit diagram is similar to that of not gate made by using only nand gate. Construction of not gate with nand gate electronicshub. So if you find this articles helpful, please let us know in the comment box, either if any. A logic gate is a building block of a digital circuit. Aug 04, 2015 in all the 4 cases we have observed that v out is following the expected value as in 2 input nor gate truth table. The equivalent circuit of nand gate using diodes and transistors is shown below.

See supplementary power point file for animated cmos process flow should be viewed. How to implement not, and, and or gate using nor gates only. In fact, most gates are implemented in solidstate ttl chips transistortransistor logic e. Senthil murugan thursday, october 14, 2004 you guys are genius g thursday, november 4, 2004 recent topics. Pdf performance analysis of nand and nor logic using. They can be built from relays or transistors, or any other technology that can create an inverter and a twoinput and or or gate.